The Printemps de septembre, founded in 1991 by Marie-Thérèse Perrin, is a pioneer in several respects: it was one of the first contemporary art festivals in France, the inventor of the Nuits Blanches, the revelation of plastic photography in Cahors, and open to all forms of visual and living creation since its installation in Toulouse in 2001. Through the history of the event, this book addresses some of the essential questions that have nourished and that animate the field of creation at the turn of the 21st century. In order to draw up this reflection, researchers, thinkers and curators have been invited, who draw their references from the history of the festival.